Furnace.



H. Msosro'vv.

PURNACE.

APPLIGATION FILED JUNE l, 1914. v 15,123,91 L Patenced Jan.5,1915.

2 SHEETSSHBET 1.

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Y TvY.

H. MsosToW.

PURNAOE.

APPLIGATIONPILED JUNE 1, 19.14.

Patented Jan. 5, 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

9 .27 /f/ f5. M W /X/ lT/VESSEE.

IKM/EINl TUR.

FURNACE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented J an. 5, 1915.

Application led June 1, 1914. Sera1No.842,015.

To aZZ 'whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY Mrsos'row, a citizen of the United States, residing at the city of Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Furnaces, of which the following-is a specification.

This invention has relation to furnaces in general, but particularly to boiler-furnaces, and it consists in certain peculiarities of the construction, novel arrangement and operation of the various parts thereof as will be hereinafter more fully set forth and specifically claimed.

The principal object of the invention is to provide a furnace which shall be simple and inexpensive in construction, strong and durable, yet which shall be so made, as to attain perfect combustion and the prevention of smoke by producing perfect mixture of combustibles and oxygen.

Another object of the invention is to furnish a furnace, which when used in conneotion with a. boiler, will give a better capacity thereto, than heretofore attained in hand fired furnaces, by so constructing the furnace that the absorption of heat b v the boiler will not be impaired or interfered with, either during combustion or after combustion is completed, that is to say, the furnace and its parts shall be so made and arranged with respect to the boiler and one another, that the re or heat will not be isolated from the boiler duringl tbeprocess of combustion or after, and so that there will be no obstruction to the gas passages in the combustion chamber, and alsoso as to prevent gas stratification and yet to pro` (l1-icc a. perfect mixture, to the end that the fuel can be burned with the use of less air than that required by furnaces of prior construction.

These objects and advantages as well as others hereinafter mentioned, are attained by the employment of the novel construction, arrangement and combination of certain parts of the furnace, and in order to enable others skilled in the art to which the invention pertains to make and use the same, 1 will now proceed to describe it, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which serve toillustrate an embodiment of theA invention and in which- Y Figure 1 is a longitudinal= 'sectional View taken on line 1-1 ofFig. 2 looking in the direction-indicated Ilcyl-the arrows;4- Figi? 24 is a plan sectionalview taken on line 2-2 of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a cross sectional view taken on line 3--3 of Fig. 2, looking in the direction indicated by the arrow; and Figs. et and 5 are plan sectional views taken on line .Z-Q of Fig. 1, showing modified forms in the construction of the furnace.

Like numerals of reference refer to like parts throughout the different views of the drawings.

Referring now to Figs. 1 to 3 inclusive, the reference numeral 10 designates the casing or outer portion of the furnace, which casing 'or portion inay be of any suitable size, form and material, but preferably substantially rectangular in form and of brick. The interior of the casing 10 is by preference provided throughout its entire inner surface with a lining 11 of fire brick of the highest or best grade.

Horizontally mounted in the upper portion of the furnace and supported therein by any suitable or well known means is a boiler 12 of the ordinary or anyY preferred construction which, as shown in Fig. 1, extends from the front wall 13 of the furnace to near its rear wall. The front portion of the furnace is provided below the boiler 12 with a fire box 14 into which fuel may be placed and manipulated through doorwavs 15 located in the front wall 13 above a grate 16 of the ordinary or well known construction. Below the grate 1G the fur nace is provided with an ash pit 17, from` which the ashes may be withdrawn through a suitable opening or openings 1,8 in the front wall of the furnace. At the rear of the fire box 14, grate 16, and ash pit 17, is located a transversely extended bridge wall 19, the upper horizontal surface of which is located at a suitable distance between the rear end of the grate 16 and the lower surface of the boiler, usually about midway between said parts. This bridge wall is also by preference made of tire brick of the best quality. Rearwardly of the bridge wall and extending from the bottom or floor of the .furnace casing upwardly to within as'hort distance of the boiler 12 is a vertically -disposed central pier 20, which is angular in cross section or when viewed in' plan', a's is: clearly shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings. This central pier has its front apex' 21 located at about the middle of the bridge wall 19,'anzl` by pipference ius't'rearf -`wardlyof'the-same, but 1 wish'it to'beun-f lbridge wall without departing from the spirit of the invention. f

At each end of the bridge wall 19' and above the same, each side of the inner wall y or lining 11 of the furnacey casing is provided with a`vertically disposed wing pier 22, each of which is by preference made integrally with the lining 11, and of the same kind of material. As is clearly shown in Fig. 2 the inner or adjacent surfaces of the wing piers 22 are inwardly and rearwardly inclined from about the rear end of the lire box 14 to the rear surface of theA bridge wall 19, over the upper surface lof which they project and extend to a slight distance below the lower portion of the' boiler, as will be readily understood by reference to Fig. 3 of the drawings. On each side and rearwardly ofthe angular central pier 20 is located another wing pier, 23, each of which is by preference ofgreater area than the wing piers 22 and are likewise vertically disposed from the floor or bottom of the furnace casin to within a short distance of the lower sur ace of the boiler. The inner or adjacent surfaces of the piers 23 are rearwardly and inwardly inclined, as is clearly shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings, but by preference the planes of the adjacent or inclined surfaces of said wing piers are located at acute angles to the surfaces 25 (see Fig'. 2) of the rear portion of the central pier 20, for the purposeto be presently explained. By terminating the piers 2O, 22 and 23 at their upper ends at a distance below the lower surface of the boiler 12, itis obvious that room is allowed! for the expansion of said parts, as well as for the passage-of heat and gases, thus preventing the boiler being isolated from. the lfire.

In the modified construction shown in Fig. 4 of the drawings, the same arrangementof the parts therein employed with respect to the boiler is carried out, but it will be `observed b. reference to said figure that in this mod' ed construction the central pier, which is designated as a whole by the reference numeral 26, is Y-shaped in cross section or when viewed .in plan, and thatthe vstem 27 of said pier islocated on the middle portion of the bridge wall 19, and it will be understood that saidstem, as Wellas the other parts of the pier 26, projects at its upper end to within a short distance of the lower surface of the boiler. In this modified form the rear portion of the stem 27- has extended rearwardly and laterally therefrom .a pair of defiecting members v28, which are divided at their rear portions by a forwardly extended and angular recess 29, thusforming a recess or chamber in the pier 26 in communication with the combustion chamber 30, which of course extends from the rear portion of the bridge wall to the rear end of the furnae s. In the modiiication now under consideration, a wing pier 31, located on each side of the'interior of the casing 10 rearwardly of the bridge wall 19, is provided, andeach of said wing piers has its inner surface inwardly and rearwardly inclined as at 32, the inclinations of which are at acute angles to the rear side walls 33 of the divergingmembers 28 of the pier 26, for the purpose to be presently explained. Besides constructing the central pier of this modification in a different manner as above described from that shown in Fig. 2 and previously described, it will be observed by reference to Fig. 4 that the front wing walls employed in the construction shown in Fig. 2 are omitted in the modified form above described.

In Fig. 5 of the drawings is shown still another modificatiomwhich consists in constructing the parts of the furnace in substantially the same manner as shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings, except that a central pier, which is designated as a whole by the reference numeral 34, of the same construction in cross section or when viewed in plan as that shown in Fig. 4, except`that the stem 27 extended above the bridge wall 19 is omitted, is employed. In the present modified form the pier 34 is extendedfrom the floor or bottom of the furnace at the rear of the bridge wall 19 vertically to within a short distance of the lower surface of the boiler, and the wing piers 22 and 23 of this modification also terminate ata slight distance below the lower surface of the boiler for the purpose above explained. By referring to Fig. 5 it will be seen lthat the same arrangement of the inclined walls 24 of the rear wing piers 23 and the rear side walls 33 of the central pier 34 is carried out.

By employing a furnace constructed according to my improvements, a perfect mixture of the combustible'gases with the oxygen is obtained, to the end that perfect combustion will be attained and smoke prevented, for it is apparent that the gases and combustibles arising from the fuel on the grate 16 and passing rearwardly will be divided by the angular shaped central pier, thus changing the shape of the vgaseous volume from thin and wide to narrow and high at the rear portion of said pier, accomplishing the following results :-T he distance between the gas particles will be reduced to about one-quarter of what it was lbefore such passage, thus making the mixlent in the gases,

bing against the pier surfaces and side walls,

as Well as on account of the internal friction in the gas caused by being deflected from its natural course for forward and upward motion. The wing walls direct the two separate volumes of gas which move at a high velocity, against each other, thereby conipleting the mixture. The wing walls inl conjunction lwith the angular central pier not only furnish rubbing surfaces, but bring the ases from the two .sides of the center of the re box and throw two separately mixed bodies of gas into one stratum. This is particularly important in cases where the fire is replenished with fresh fuel. one side at a time through the doorways 15 of the furnace casing, as should be done. The freshly fired side, where distillation of the volatiles is in progress,' is generally lacking in the quantity of air. The other half of the fire, being fairly burned down, more air is admitted through the ire,fand the gases arising from this side are rich with oxygen, and the final mixture of the gases from the two sides at the wing walls or piers distributes the surplus oxygen uniformly throughout the whole body of gas, thereby overcoming the deficiency of oxygen in the gases arising from the freshly iired side. the gases pass from the contracted por tions between the rear side walls of the angular central pier and the inwardly and rearwardly inclined surfaces of the rear wing piers, it is manifest that in the further rearward progress of the gases a siplion-lilie ace tion will take place between the central pier and said wing walls, thus facilitating the draft from the tire box or grate..

I claim:

1 A furnace consisting of a casing having a fire chamber, a bridge wall located in rear thereof, a pier located rearwardly and extending above the upper surface of the bridge wall. said pier presenting divergent surfaces immediately adjacent the bridge wall and convergent surfaces beyond said divergent surfaces, and wing piers arranged Cepie ci this patent may be obtained for ve cents each,

at the sides of the casing having their inner terminals approximately in transverse line with the mid-line of the pier, the inner surface of the wing piers extending rearwardly in divergent relation to the adjacent surfaces of the first-mentioned pier and terminating rearwardly beyond said first-mentioned pier.

E2. A furnace consisting of a casing having a fire chamber, a bridge wall located in rear thereof, a pier located rearwardly and extending above the upper surface of the bridge ,wall, said pier presenting divergent surfaces immediately adjacent the bridge wall and convergent surfaces beyond said divergent surfaces, andwing piers arranged at the sides of the casing having their inner terminals approximately in transverse line with the mid-line of the pier, the inner surface of the wing piers extending rearwardly in divergent relation to the adjacent surfaces of the first-mentioned pier and terminating rearwardly beyond said first-mentioned pier, the rear opposing surface of the wing piers presenting a passage of less transverse dimension than the maximum l transverse dimension of the first-mentioned pier.

ing a fire chamber, a bridge wall located in rear thereof, a pier located rearwardly and extending above the upper surface of the bridge wall, said pier presenting divergent surfaces immediately adjacent the bridge wall and convergent surfaces beyond said divergent surfaces, and wing piers arranged at the sides of the casing having their inner iern'iinals approximately in transverse line with the midline of the pier, the inner sur- 80 3. A furnace consisting of a casing hav-` face of the wing piers extending rearwardly in divergent relation to the adjacent surfaces of the first-mentioned pier and terminating rearwardly beyond said first-mentioned pier, and wing piers located above the bridge wall and, having rearwardly and inwardly inclined surfaces, the inclination of such surfaces directing the material against the immediate adjacent surface of the first-men tioned pier. f

HENRY MlSOSTViT.

Witnesses:

CHAs. C. Tiimiian, A. S. PHILLIPS.

by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, I. G. 

